News

Therapies specifically approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are superior to rituximab and other off-label medications at preventing relapses and serious side effects, according to a real-world study in the U.S. The study also showed that among FDA-approved therapies, the…

Nearly a third of people with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) may have cognitive impairment, especially in the areas of attention/processing speed and executive function, according to a study in Brazil. Processing speed refers to a person’s ability to receive, interpret, and respond to information, while executive function refers…

Add-on hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), which involves breathing pure oxygen at high pressure, may help reduce inflammation in people with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), especially those with more overactive immune systems, a small study suggests. “HBOT may help rebalance the immune system in NMOSD,” researchers wrote, noting that…

A specific set of immune-related genes is significantly more active in the blood of people with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), potentially offering a new diagnostic approach for the rare disease. A study in Iran found that seven genes involved in a major inflammatory pathway, called nuclear factor kappa…

Soliris (eculizumab) is linked to a reduced relapse rate and stabilization of disability progression in people with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) who test positive for anti-AQP4 antibodies, according to a real-world study in Turkey. “These results support [Soliris] as a valuable therapy for [AQP4-related] NMOSD, while stressing the…

A U.S.-based registry of adults with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) shows that most patients are receiving biologic therapies, either approved or not approved for NMOSD, in real-world care, according to a study of its first 350 participants. The registry, called SPHERES, has enrolled about half of…

People with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) who are negative for typical disease-driving antibodies show several differences in clinical features compared with antibody-positive NMOSD patients, but responses to conventional treatments seem largely comparable, according to a new study. “Our findings support the utility of conventional [immune-suppressing treatments] in this…

Enspryng (satralizumab) is superior to conventional immunosuppressive therapies in reducing the risk of relapses in people with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) for up to three years, and with a comparable safety profile, according to a real-world study. Similar results were obtained when analyzing data only from NMOSD…

Newer, more potent therapies offer greater benefit than standard immunosuppressants in reducing relapse rates for people who develop neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) after the age of 50, according to a large, single-center study in China. While people with late-onset NMOSD experienced more severe symptoms at onset and during…

People with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) have significantly higher levels of chitotriosidase-1 (CHIT1), a protein involved in immune and inflammatory responses, in their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the liquid surrounding the brain and spinal cord, a study shows. CSF CHIT1 levels were also significantly associated with NMOSD activity and severity.